A method for precision anodize stripping

Felt templates saturated with etch solution remove anodized finish from aluminum without damage to the surface. The solution is a combination of nitric acid, chromic acid, and hydrofluoric acid

Independent Agencies: Government’s Scourge or Salvation?

This symposium invites reflection on a number of important questions concerning the independence of the independent regulatory agencies. Three such questions are briefly examined in this essay: First, what is the nature of an independent agency? Second, why should regulatory agencies be independent? Finally, what constrains, and what ought to constrain, an agency\u27s independence? These questions are considered against the backdrop of the legal debate about the constitutional legitimacy of independent regulatory agencies that has been raging since Congress created the first such agency a hundred years ago. The thoughts and conclusions offered in this essay draw on the history and recent experience of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ( SEC or the Commission ), long recognized as one of the finest independent agencies. I. WHAT IS AN INDEPENDENT REGULATORY AGENCY? An independent regulatory agency is a government entity that frequently exercises executive, judicial and legislative power over a specifically defined area of government interest. In a word, independent agencies are the fourth branch of government, operating separately from but under the oversight or review of the other three. The SEC is a prime example of such an agency. The SEC was established by Congress in 1934. Its enabling legislation is the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the 1934 Act). That Act 1 provides that the Commission be composed of five commissioners (including a Chairman) appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. The commissioners are appointed for fixed terms of ..

Development of a global pollution model for CO, CH4, and CH2O

The current status of a global pollution model for carbon monoxide, methane, and formaldehyde is described. The physico-chemical action is considered of these three pollutants in the troposphere. This geographic restriction is convenient since the tropopause provides a natural boundary across which little transport occurs. The data on sources and sinks for these pollutants is based on available information and assumptions relative to the major man-made and natural contributions. The distributions and concentrations of methane, formaldehyde, and carbon monoxide in the atmosphere are interrelated by the chemical reactions in which they participate. A chemical kinetic model based on the pseudo-steady state approximation for the intermediate species was developed to account for these reactions. The numerical procedure used to mathematically describe the pollution transport is a mass conservative scheme employing an integral flux approach

The African-American Intellectual of the 1920s: Some Sociological Implications of the Harlem Renaissance

This paper deals with some of the sociological implications of a major cultural high-water point in the African American experience, the New Negro/Harlem Renaissance. The paper concentrates on the cultural transformations brought about through the intellectual activity of political activists, a multi-genre group of artists, cultural brokers, and businesspersons. The driving-wheel thrust of this era was the reclamation and the invigoration of the traditions of the culture with an emphasis on both the, African and the American aspects, which significantly impacted American and international culture then and throughout the 20th century. This study examines the pre-1920s background, the forms of Black activism during the Renaissance, the modern content of the writers\u27 work, and the enthusiasm of whites for the African American art forms of the era. This essay utilizes research from a multi-disciplinary body of sources, which includes sociology, cultural history, creative literature and literary criticism, autobiography, biography, and journalism

Germanium coated microbridge and method

A superconducting microbridge is provided for use in superconducting quantum interference devices wherein a pair of spaced layers of superconductive material are connected by a weak link bridge to establish an electrical junction. The superconductive layers and bridge are coated with a semiconductor material shunting the bridge at room temperatures to prevent the destruction of the device by minute electrical currents while the coating acts as a dielectric permitting normal electrical behavior of the microbridge at cryogenic temperatures

The Feasibility of Reclaiming Shell Material from Investment Casting

This report examines the feasibility of investment shell component reclamation. Shell material components and their compositions are investigated with an industry survey, a study of the available literature, and analysis of specimen shell materials. physical properties and factors related to the reclamation and reuse of shell materials are described. Well known mineral processing methods are capable of producing concentrates of the various shell components. The theory and techniques of some applicable processes are discussed to assist with the development of reclamation operations. The recommended methods are; comminution by roll crushing, component concentration by screening, gravity settling or heavy medium separation. Aluminosilicate stucco (a major component of many investment shells) can be recovered in a form suitable for reuse as backup stucco. Zircon (a minor component in many shell compositions) -can be concentrated in an impure form, and subsequent caustic liberation treatments can remove the intermixed silica phases. Reuse of such zircon in investment casting may be possible but will require careful qualification testing. Fused and crystalline silica (major components of most shell compositions) are not reusable for investment casting. The feasibility of reclamation will be influenced by individual foundry choices of materials, composition and shell practice.HWRIC Project No. RRT-10NTIS PB92-16219